A Guide To Choosing a Water Storage Tank for Your Facility

When it comes to water storage in industrial settings, choosing the right aboveground storage tank is critical to ensure safe, reliable, and efficient operations. With so many variables at play—tank material, size, type, placement, and compliance requirements—it can be challenging to know where to start. The tank you select must align with your industry’s unique demands.

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That’s why we’ve created this guide: to help you confidently choose a water storage tank.

7 Steps: How To Choose an Aboveground Water Storage Tank

Whether you’re upgrading your current system or planning a new installation, the following steps will walk you through what to consider during water storage tank selection.

1. Determine Your Application and Industry Needs

The first step in selecting the right aboveground water storage tank is understanding your specific application and industry’s demands. Each sector—refining, manufacturing, food and beverage, chemical processing, etc.—has its own requirements.

For example, facilities may need tanks for:

• Potable water (safe for human use)
• Non-potable water (for industrial or utility purposes)
• Process water (used directly in manufacturing operations)
• Emergency reserves (such as for fire suppression)

It’s also important to consider the chemical compatibility of the stored water or liquids. Certain substances can accelerate corrosion or degradation if the tank material isn’t suited for the job.

2. Choose the Right Water Storage Tank Material

The appropriate water storage tank material is essential to ensure safety, durability, and long-term performance. The material must be compatible with both the stored contents and the surrounding environment.

Here are some of the most commonly used materials for aboveground water storage tanks:

• Carbon SteelA strong, cost-effective option for storing many types of industrial liquids. Carbon steel tanks are widely used due to their durability and ease of fabrication. They’re ideal for general-purpose water storage where corrosion risk is minimal.
• Stainless SteelKnown for its excellent corrosion resistance, stainless steel is ideal for storing aggressive or chemically reactive substances. It’s popular in food and beverage, chemical processing, and pharmaceuticals, where hygiene and chemical resistance are priorities.
• Alloy OptionsCustom alloy materials may be required for highly specialized applications. Alloys like Hastelloy or Inconel offer enhanced corrosion resistance, especially when storing reactive or acidic contents.

The right material depends not only on what you’re storing, but also on the tank’s location and exposure to elements like humidity, temperature fluctuations, and industrial pollutants.

3. Select the Right Water Tank Storage Size and Capacity

When selecting an aboveground water storage tank, water storage tank capacity and size are critical considerations. A tank that’s too small can disrupt operations, and an oversized tank may waste space and resources. The ideal capacity depends on several key factors:

• Daily Usage
  Consider how much water your facility uses during normal operations. This includes process water, cooling systems, cleaning, and other ongoing needs.
• Emergency Reserves
  Many facilities require backup water storage for fire suppression systems, equipment failures, or natural disasters. These reserves should be factored into total capacity.
• Future Expansion Plans
  If your facility plans to scale production or add new lines, it’s wise to build in extra capacity now to avoid costly retrofits later.

Aboveground water storage tanks can range from 10,000 gallons to over 1 million gallons in size. Determining the right size also involves accounting for:

• Pressure Ratings – Higher volumes may require reinforced tank walls or support systems.
• Usage Fluctuations – If your water demand spikes at certain times, your tank needs to accommodate peak capacity.
• Footprint Constraints – Available space on-site may limit diameter or height, influencing the overall shape and configuration.

PALA works closely with clients to assess these variables and design custom tanks that match capacity needs without overbuilding. Our expert team can help you right-size your tank to ensure cost-efficiency, operational reliability, and compliance.

4. Understand the Types of Aboveground Storage Tanks

There are several water storage tank types to choose from, each offering different benefits depending on your facility’s needs, layout, and operations. Understanding the basic configurations can help you select the most efficient and cost-effective option.

Vertical Tanks

These upright, cylindrical tanks are ideal for facilities with a limited footprint. They’re commonly used in industries where height is less of a constraint than ground space. Vertical tanks are easy to inspect and maintain and offer excellent structural strength.

Horizontal Tanks

Built to lie flat on the ground, horizontal tanks are often used when height is limited or for mobile applications. Their low profile makes them suitable for temporary or transportable setups.

Welded Steel Tanks

These tanks are constructed on-site or in-shop by welding steel components to create a seamless, high-strength structure. Welded tanks are extremely durable and ideal for long-term, high-volume storage. 

Modular or Bolted Tanks

Designed for easy transportation and assembly, bolted tanks arrive in prefabricated panels that are connected on-site. They’re well-suited for remote or space-limited locations and can be disassembled and relocated if needed. However, they may require more maintenance to ensure seal integrity over time.

5. Evaluate Location and Installation Considerations

Your aboveground storage tank’s location and installation method directly impact performance, longevity, and maintenance accessibility. Before finalizing your tank design, it’s essential to consider your site’s physical environment and structural requirements.

Indoor vs. Outdoor Placement:

• Indoor tanks – Protected from the elements, but may be limited by ceiling height, floor load capacity, or access for installation and maintenance.
• Outdoor tanks – Allow for more flexibility in size and layout, but must be designed to withstand weather conditions and environmental exposure.

Ground-Level vs. Elevated Systems:

• Ground-level tanks – Easier to install and maintain, with simpler access for inspections, cleaning, and repairs.
• Elevated tanks – Provide water pressure through gravity, making them ideal for fire suppression or areas without pump systems—but they require structural support and additional safety considerations.

Environmental Exposure:

Outdoor tanks must be designed to endure factors like:

• UV radiation
• High winds
• Temperature extremes
• Corrosive atmospheres
• Seismic activity (in some regions)

Note: Protective coatings, insulation, anchoring systems, and materials rated for specific conditions may be required to ensure structural integrity and safety.

Want more information on Fire Protection Water Storage Tanks? Feel free to contact us.

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Aboveground tanks need a stable, level base capable of supporting the tank and its contents. The type of foundation (concrete, gravel, steel ring, etc.) will depend on tank size, material, and site conditions. In some cases, custom structural supports or anchoring systems are necessary.

Accessibility for Inspection and Maintenance

Proper tank access should always be factored into the design. Features like platforms, ladders, catwalks, and clearances should support safe, efficient inspections and upkeep.

At PALA, we consider all of these variables during the planning phase to ensure a smooth installation and long-term functionality, regardless of where your tank is located.

6. Comply with Industry and Environmental Storage Tank Regulations

Compliance is non-negotiable when selecting and installing an aboveground water storage tank. Tank regulations are in place to ensure safety, prevent environmental contamination, and protect public health. Understanding which standards apply to your operation is essential.

Key Regulatory Standards:

• API-650 & API-620These American Petroleum Institute standards govern the design and construction of large, welded steel tanks. API-650 is most commonly used for atmospheric tanks, while API-620 covers tanks designed to withstand low-pressure applications. 
• ASME (American Society of Mechanical Engineers)Tanks used for pressurized storage or process applications may fall under ASME standards, especially if they are considered pressure vessels. ASME code compliance ensures structural integrity under pressure. 
• EPA SPCC (40 CFR 112)The Environmental Protection Agency’s Spill Prevention, Control, and Countermeasure (SPCC) rule requires facilities storing specific quantities of oil or hazardous substances to have containment and prevention plans in place. Even water storage tanks can be subject to these rules if there’s a risk of contamination or chemical additives involved.

Don’t Overlook State and Local Regulations

While federal codes provide a framework, individual states, municipalities, or industry-specific agencies may have additional requirements related to containment, piping, fire protection, inspections, or permitting. These can vary widely by location.

We strongly recommend consulting with local regulatory bodies or working with a qualified contractor like PALA to ensure full compliance.

Keep Up with Recordkeeping and Inspection Requirements

Most governing bodies require regular tank inspections, maintenance logs, and repair documentation. Staying ahead of these requirements not only ensures compliance but also extends the lifespan of your tank and minimizes risk.

7. Partner with a Trusted Tank Fabricator and Installer

Even the best tank design can fall short without expert fabrication and installation. That’s why partnering with a trusted, turnkey provider like PALA makes all the difference.

Why Choose PALA?

• Custom FabricationOur 94,000 sq. ft. Louisiana-based fabrication facility is equipped to handle projects of all sizes and complexities. Whether you need a standard API-650 tank or a highly customized solution, we can deliver with precision and efficiency.
• Safety-First InstallationPALA’s commitment to safety is woven into every project. Our crews follow strict protocols to ensure your tank is installed to the highest safety and quality standards.
• Long-Term SupportWe don’t walk away once the job is done. We provide ongoing support to help you get the most out of your investment.

When it’s time to choose a water storage tank for your facility, choose a partner with expertise, reliability, and a proven track record—PALA.

Ready to Choose the Right Water Storage Tank?

When you’re ready to move forward, partner with a team that understands the full scope of your project. PALA offers turnkey tank design, custom fabrication, and safe, expert installation—all backed by decades of experience.

The Importance of Fire Sprinkler Fiberglass Water Storage Tanks in Your Fire Protection Plan

Why Fiberglass Water Tanks Are the Best Solution for Your Fire Protection Needs

Without a proper fiberglass water tank, your fire protection system could fail when you need it most. Municipal water supplies can fluctuate, but a fire sprinkler water storage tank ensures a consistent and immediate response, giving you peace of mind that your property, employees, and operations are protected.

How to Choose the Right Water Tank for Your Fire Sprinkler Systems

Selecting the right fire protection water storage tank is crucial to ensuring your fire sprinkler system functions effectively when it matters most. Here are the key factors to consider:

• Compliance with NFPA Regulations

Your fire protection tank must comply with NFPA 22 to ensure proper design, installation, and performance. Meeting these standards is not just a best practice—it’s often required for obtaining approvals from fire safety authorities and guaranteeing a reliable water supply for emergency situations.

• Material Durability

Fire protection tanks made from fiberglass offer significant advantages:

• Corrosion resistance: Unlike steel, fiberglass won’t rust, ensuring long-term durability.
• Lightweight construction: Easier and more cost-effective to transport and install.
• Minimal maintenance: Its non-corrosive properties reduce upkeep over time and maintenance costs.

If you’re looking for a low-maintenance, long-lasting solution, fiberglass water storage is a top choice for fire protection.

• Accessibility for Maintenance

Routine inspections and maintenance ensure your fire protection system stays operational. Make sure your tank has the necessary access points for testing and servicing to keep it in peak condition.

• Temperature Control

If your facility is located in an area with harsh winters, preventing water from freezing is crucial to maintaining a reliable fire protection system. Granby Composites’ fiberglass tanks are designed to withstand extreme temperatures, ensuring water remains available year-round. Our underground fiberglass tanks provide superior thermal stability, preventing freezing without the need for additional heating systems.

Why Choose Granby Composites for Your Fire Protection Fiberglass Water Tank?

When it comes to fire safety, you need a reliable, long-lasting, and NFPA-compliant water storage solution. Granby Composites specializes in manufacturing high-performance fiberglass fire protection tanks designed to meet the most rigorous industry standards.

Key benefits of choosing Granby Composites:

• Custom-built solutions – Tailored to your project’s needs.
• NFPA 22 compliance – Ensures your tank meets all fire protection standards.
• Durability and reliability – Fiberglass resists corrosion, reducing long-term maintenance costs.
• Scalability – With capacities up to 42,000 gallons (approx. 159 cubic metres), our tanks adapt to municipal, commercial, and industrial fire protection needs. Multiple tanks can also be installed in a communicating vessel system to increase storage capacity as required.

Investing in the right fire sprinkler water storage tank is a critical step in ensuring safety and compliance. Granby Composites’ fiberglass tanks provide a durable, efficient, and industry-approved solution for fire protection.

Contact us to discuss your requirements of Dry bulk storage silos. Our experienced sales team can help you identify the options that best suit your needs.