Butyric acid: what it is, properties, use, harmfulness

Butyric acid, also known as butanoic acid, is versatile and offers various health benefits. It is commonly used in food, cosmetics, and even agriculture.

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Butyric acid is an intriguing compound with significant functions in the human body. Not only does it help to combat inflammation and regulate insulin metabolism, but it is also produced naturally by probiotic bacteria in our intestines.

Through this article, you will discover:

• What butyric acid is and how it differs from sodium butyrate.
• How it operates within the body.
• How butyric acid is synthesized in the body.
• Medical conditions that may benefit from butyric acid.
• Ways to maintain optimal levels of butyric acid in the body.
• Potential harmful effects of butyric acid.

See also:

What is butyric acid?

Butyric acid is a short-chain fatty acid (SCFA) crucial for gut health. It is produced by bacteria residing in the digestive system.

When you consume indigestible fiber, it moves into the large intestine, where probiotic bacteria convert it into butyric acid. This highlights a symbiotic relationship—bacteria gain nourishment while you receive essential health benefits.

Butyric acid serves as fuel for the epithelial cells lining the colon, helping maintain a healthy intestinal barrier, critical for preventing harmful substances from entering the body.

Studies have demonstrated that butyric acid is a significant energy source for colonocytes, suggesting its potential in preventing and treating gastrointestinal diseases.

Katarzyna Grajper, pharmacy expert

Additionally, butyric acid exhibits anti-inflammatory properties that may alleviate gut inflammation. Research also hints at its role in regulating blood sugar levels and metabolism, although these findings are preliminary and should be interpreted cautiously.

A fiber-rich diet is essential as it promotes butyric acid production, enriching your gut health.

Butyric acid versus sodium butyrate

Sodium butyrate is the sodium salt derivative of butyric acid. While chemically distinct, they share similar properties, leading to their interchangeable use in various contexts.

The sodium component enhances the stability of butyrate, which is why sodium butyrate is often found in dietary supplements.

Premium Sodium Butyrate

• Sodium butyrate content per daily serving: mg
• Form: capsules
• Package: 60 capsules
• Serving size: 3 capsules per day
• Sufficient for: 30 days

Premium Sodium Butyrate aids the digestive system and promotes intestinal mucosa regeneration, thereby enhancing gut health and nutrient absorption. Proper intestinal care translates to overall body health.

Properties of butyric acid

Butyric acid is vital for colonocytes' function, supplying up to 70% of their energy. It also plays multiple roles in the body, undergoing research to determine its impact on immune response and inflammation reduction.

Not fully understood at a biochemical level, butyric acid's influence on body functions may include:

• Impacting immune responses.
• Cell differentiation.
• Elimination of damaged cells.

It may also reinforce the intestinal barrier by promoting mucus production.

Applications of butyric acid

Butyric acid is known to combat various digestive issues, especially in protecting and regenerating the gastrointestinal tract.

It aids in alleviating bloating and constipation by enhancing bowel peristalsis.

Clinical studies confirm the efficacy of butyric acid in infectious diarrhea through its regulation of water and electrolyte absorption in colonocytes.

Katarzyna Grajper, pharmacy expert

Butyric acid facilitates gas control in the intestines, significantly reducing discomfort caused by bloating.

Research indicates potential benefits for body weight maintenance by influencing metabolic regulation associated with insulin and lipid production. However, it should not be perceived as a weight-loss solution. Some studies reveal that excessive butyric acid might link to metabolic and cardiovascular disorders.

Butyric acid for the gut

Butyric acid's significance in the intestines includes providing energy to colon cells and supporting mucus production crucial for maintaining a protective intestinal barrier.

Animal studies indicate it may alleviate irritable bowel syndrome (IBS) symptoms and may aid colorectal cancer treatment by inducing cancer cell death and enhancing radiotherapy efficacy.

By offering energy to healthy cells, butyric acid may inhibit cancer growth, underlining the potential anti-cancer effects of specific probiotic strains.

What is butyric acid found in?

Butyric acid is present not only in the intestines but also in certain foods, particularly dairy products like butter, cream, yogurt, and hard cheeses. Rich probiotic and prebiotic foods aid in butyric acid synthesis.

Butyric acid sweetness

Although butyric acid is generally safe, certain situations warrant caution. Avoid it if:

• Allergic to butyric acid or supplement components.
• Have kidney issues since butyric acid is kidney-excreted.
• Struggle with heart conditions as it may affect sodium levels.
• Need to limit fiber due to digestive conditions.
• Pregnant or breastfeeding—safety is unverified.
• Taking other medications—consult with a doctor.

While some side effects can arise, including gastrointestinal discomfort, they typically resolve quickly. Allergic reactions, though rare, can include symptoms like rash and difficulty breathing, requiring immediate medical attention.

Summary

• Butyric acid is produced via fiber fermentation by probiotic bacteria in the large intestine.
• It serves as the primary energy source for colon epithelial cells and possesses protective functions.
• Butyric acid enhances intestinal peristalsis and mucus production, contributing to a natural barrier.
• Research continues on its role in insulin and lipid metabolism and combating inflammation.
• Butyrate is crucial for the intestinal barrier.
• Maintaining adequate butyric acid levels relies on a diet rich in GOS and FOS fibers and probiotics.
• Butyric acid is available as a dietary supplement, commonly found as sodium butyrate.
• People with heart disease or conditions requiring fiber restriction should avoid butyrate supplements.

FAQ

How to make butyric acid at home

Note: Butyric acid has a strong odor. Consider this before proceeding. Additionally, do not consume homemade butyric acid!

To produce butyric acid, leave butter out until rancid. For separation, follow this recipe:

1. Melt 500ml of butter on low heat.
2. Add 500ml distilled water, stirring to combine.
3. Transfer to a jar and mix in 2 tablespoons of natural yogurt as a starter.
4. Cover and let sit in a warm area for 2-3 days.
5. Strain to separate solids after this time.
6. Heat the liquid until evaporation occurs; the residue is butyric acid.

Where does butyric acid occur?

Butyric acid naturally exists in many food products, especially in butter and dairy food. It is also produced in the human gut through fiber fermentation. To boost butyric acid levels, consume fiber-rich foods such as fruits, vegetables, and whole grains.

What are the side effects of taking butyric acid?

Possible side effects include abdominal pain, bloating, diarrhea, and nausea. If these symptoms occur, consider reducing intake or splitting doses throughout the day.

What is the smell of butyric acid?

Butyric acid is known for its pungent smell, often likened to vomit. However, it contributes to some foods' distinct taste in small amounts.

What is the formula of butyric acid?

The chemical formula is C4H8O2, consisting of four carbon atoms, eight hydrogen atoms, and two oxygen atoms, indicating its molecular structure.

How much does butyric acid cost?

Dietary supplements featuring butyric acid, typically sodium butyrate, range from £30 to £150, varying based on quality, quantity, and additional ingredients.

Is butyric acid in medicinal form?

Butyric acid, as sodium butyrate, is primarily available in Poland as a dietary supplement in pharmacies and health stores. Prioritize trusted manufacturers for quality assurance.

Butyric acid is critical for intestinal health, serving as the main energy source for epithelial cells in the intestines.

For further information, you can visit our page on isobutyric acid manufacturer.